construction steps of a rail road in pics

Following are the pictures showing just the basic steps of a rail road construction.

In rail road construction the first step is the earth formation.We have to improve the existing ground conditions with suitable improvement methods providing a proper drainage system. This includes the provision of earthen ,RRM,RCC and sub soil drains according to the site conditions.Ground improvement methods such as Geo grids  and boulder fillings should be introduced depending on the site condition.

     1. Preparation of earth formation and drains.

In this project a layer of 200mm thick compacted ABC (Aggregate Base Course)  is used as a ground improvement method in addition to other special ground improvement methods.Formation width is taken as 6.1m for single line BG track.

                   

                   2.  ABC formation.

                                                           
Compacted ABC formation is followed by initial ballasting for a width of 4m to a thickness of  approximately 100mm.                                          

                           

                                                                         

3. Initial Ballasting

leading of  sleepers and rails is the next step.

4.Leading of sleepers and rails

Then Rails are welded using a on track  flash butt welding machine.

5.On track welding

                                                          6. Second ballasting using DMT

7.Tamping

8. Destressing

Slab formwork in pics !!

slab formwork is the  temporary mould in to which concrete is poured during slab concreting.It is a time consuming work  that needs the touch of skilled labors. followings are just a description of the process in pics...

columns concreted up to the beam bottom level

Slab formwork can be started  after concreting the columns up to the bottom level of  slab beams.

arrangement of beam bottoms and beam reinforcement

Formwork for slab beams are then erected between the columns..

slab formwork arrangement

cross section drawing of a slab formwork

slab formwork arrangement

plywood sheet arrangement of slab formwork

these plywood sheets are usually given a coating of form oil

plywood sheet arrangement of slab formwork

GI pipes,Acro(T) jack and 2"x4" timber arrangement that supports the formwork...

details of this arrangement are given in the above Auto Cad drawing

Reinforcement arrangement of the slab formwork...

reinforcement is provided with cover block to protect the steel from moisture and to obtain a certain degree of fire resistance depending on the structure...

concrete cover block used in this slab form work...

Autodesk-Architectural Desktop As a Power Tool in Project Management reports !!

Autodesk-Architectural Desktop is widely used as a 3D modeling software in the construction industry, mainly for architectural purposes..

It is a user friendly software rich with a wide variety of modeling techniques that enables the user to model 3D structures complete with all the details..

This software can also be used as a project management tool in terms of presenting monthly or weekly progress of  the project in detail ...

A user can create a model according to the structural drawings  and then  update it with the construction progress.. Different colors and layers  can be utilized to show different elements such as walls, columns ,bases etc. By switching these layers on and off  an individual assessment on the progress of the certain element can be easily obtained. Pictures of the construction process obtained in this manner are of great value in management reports such as monthly progress reports. These 3D pictures give a clear idea about the progress of the construction and enables an overall picture of the process than just looking at  a table ..

Following pictures are some example of the process...

Monthly progress: December

Site situation as at 1st December

Site progress as at 31^st December

Earth Fill     Column concrete   

Tie Beam    Base Concrete 

Random Rubble Masonry  

Base Concreting   45%  completed

Column Concreting

(i)Up to DPC Level 45%  completed

(ii)Above DPC Level 35% completed

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Tie Beams 45% completed

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Random Rubble Masonry

56% completed

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Earth fill      34% completed

Funny exam answers II

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